SULTAN Agung Hanyokrokusumo (1593-1645) was the king of the Mataram Sultanate who ruled in 1613-1645. His real name is Raden Mas Jatmika, or also known as Raden Mas Rangsang.
Sultan Agung is the son of Prabu Hanyokrowati and Ratu Mas Adi Dyah Banowati. Sultan Agung ascended the throne in 1613 at the age of 20 years. This was reported by jogjakota.go.id. Sultan Agung is known as one of the kings who succeeded in bringing the Islamic Mataram kingdom to its peak in 1627, precisely after fourteen years Sultan Agung led the Islamic Mataram kingdom.
During the reign of Sultan Agung, coastal areas such as Surabaya and Madura were conquered. In the period from 1613 to 1645 the Islamic Mataram territory covered Central Java, East Java and parts of West Java.
The presence of Sultan Agung as the highest ruler, brought the Islamic Mataram Kingdom to cultural civilization at a higher level. Sultan Agung had various expertise in the military, political, economic, social and cultural fields, which made the civilization of the Mataram kingdom to a higher level.
In addition to the political and military fields, Sultan Agung also devoted his attention to the economic and cultural fields. Efforts made by Sultan Agung included relocating the population of Central Java to Karawang, West Java, where there are wide and fertile rice fields and fields.
Sultan Agung also continued his predecessor to lay the foundation for the development of Islamic Mataram by providing teaching and education to the people of Islamic Mataram so that during his reign, he placed the ulama with an honorable position, namely as an official member of the Parampara Council (high royal advisor). In addition, in the structure of the royal government an Islamic Religious Court Institution was established, and the titles of kings in Islamic Mataram included the king of Pandita, meaning that apart from being the ruler, the king was also the head of government and the head of religion (Islam).
In addition, Sultan Agung also tried to adapt elements of the original Indonesian culture with Hinduism and Islam. For example, grebeg is adjusted to Eid al-Fitr and the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, which is currently known as Garebeg Puasa and Grebeg Maulud.
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