CANDI BAJANG RATU

Gapura Bajang Ratu or also known as Bajang Ratu Temple is a gate of Majapahit temple located in Temon Village, Trowulan Subdistrict, Mojokerto Regency, East Java, Indonesia The building is thought to have been built in the 14th century and is one of the great gates of Majapahit's golden age. According to the records of the Preservation Agency of the Archaeological Heritage of Mojokerto, this temple serves as the entrance for the sacred building to commemorate the death of King Jayanegara who in Negarakertagama is called "back to the world of Vishnu" in 1250 Saka (ca. 1328 AD). But actually before the death of this temple Jayanegara used as the rear door of the kingdom. This assumption is supported by the relief of "Sri Tanjung" and the wing of the gap that symbolizes the release and to date in the Trowulan area has become a culture if the mourning of the dead is required through the back door. Bajang Ratu "in Javanese means" king / small / dwarf / deformed nobility. "From the name meaning, this gate is linked to the locals by King Jayanegara (the second king of Majapahit) and the inscription in Serat Pararaton, plus the legend of the community. crowned king, Jayanegara's age is still very young ("bajang" / "bajang") so the alleged gatura is then given the title of "Queen Bajang / Bajang Ratu" (meaning "Little King"). If based on local legend, it is believed that when small King Jayanegara fell in this gate and caused a defect in his body, thus given the name "Bajang Ratu" ("Disabled King"). Historians associate this gate with Çrenggapura (Çri Ranggapura) or Antawulan (Trowulan), a holy place mentioned in Kakawin Negarakretagama: "Sira ta dhinarumeng Kapopongan, bhiseka ring crnggapura pratista ring antawulan", as pedharmaan (holy place). There it is mentioned that after dying in 1250 Saka (about 1328 AD), the place was dedicated to the soul of Jayanegara who died. Jayanegara was chanted in Kapopongan and confirmed in Antawulan (Trowulan). The ruins of the former temple where Jayanegara didharmakan not found, the only remaining gate of this paduraksa and the foundation of the former fence. The mention of "Bajang Ratu" first appeared in Oundheitkundig Verslag (OV) in 1915. According to Drs I.G. Bagus L Arnawa, seen from the shape of this gate or temple is a gate building type "paduraksa" (archway-roofed). Physically the whole temple is made of red brick, except the staircase and the threshold of the lower and upper doors made of andesite stone. Standing at an altitude of 41.49 m asl, with orientation towards northeast-southeast. Temple plan is rectangular, measuring ± 11.5 (length) x 10.5 meters (width), height 16.5 meters, entrance entrance width ± 1.4 meters. [1] Vertically this building has 3 parts: feet, body, and roof. Has a kind of wings and wall fence on both sides. 2.48 meters long arch. The foot structure consists of a lower frame, leg body and upper frame. These frames consist of only a plurality of flattened seams and framed bells. In the corners of the foot there are simple ornaments, except on the left front corner decorated with reliefs depicting the story of "Sri Tanjung". In the upper part of the threshold there is a relief of "kala" ornaments with reliefs of vine tendrils, and the roof has intricate ornamental reliefs, heads of "kala" flanked by lions, sun reliefs, legged dragons, eagle heads, and monocle-eyed reliefs cyclops. The function of such reliefs in the cultural belief of Majapahit is as a protector and repellent of danger. On the right wing there are reliefs of Ramayana stories and long-eared animal carvings. Majapahit's major cultural influences are still felt in the belief of the Trowulan community. According to local beliefs, it is a pamali for a government official to cross or enter the gate of Bajang Ratu Temple, because it is believed that it can bring bad luck.