CANDI KALASAN

Kalasan Temple or Kalibening Temple [1] is a temple categorized as Buddhist temple located in Kalasan village, Sleman district, Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. This temple has 52 stupas and is on the side of the highway between Yogyakarta and Solo and about 2 km from Prambanan temple. At first only this Kalasan temple found in this area of ​​the site, but after digging deeper then found more supporting buildings buildings around this temple. In addition to the Kalasan temple and other supporting buildings there are also three small temples outside the main temple building, in the shape of a stupa. Based on Kalasan inscription 778 dates found not far from this temple mentioning the establishment of sacred buildings in honor of the Bodhisattva woman, Tarabhawana and a monastery for the priests. [1] [2] The ruler who ruled the construction of this temple was named Maharaja Tejapurnapana Panangkaran (Rakai Panangkaran) from the Syailendra family. Then by comparison of the manuscripts on the Kelurak inscriptions this figure can be identified with Dharanindra [3] or by the Nalanda inscription is the father of Samaragrawira [4]. So this temple can be a proof of the presence of Wangsa Syailendra, the ruler of Sriwijaya in Sumatra over Java. In the Kalasan Pronunciation stamp of Pre Nagari, this Sanskrit language mentions the teachers of the king Tejapurnapana Panangkaran of the Syailaendra family succeeded in persuading the king to make a sacred building for Dewi Tara and his monastery for the priests as a gift from the Sangha. Professor Dr. Casparis. interpreted based on the Kalasan inscription, Kalasan Temple built jointly between Buddhist and Hindu. Meanwhile, Van Rumond, a historian from the Netherlands, believes that on the same site there has been another sacred building that is much older than Kalasan, according to the results of his research in 1928. The sacred building was a 45-meter-45-meter wihara. This means that the temple building has three repairs. As evidence, according to him, there are four corners of the temple with a prominent part. In the southern part of the temple there are two Bodhisattva reliefs, while on its roof consists of 3 levels. The top roof is 8 rooms, the second level roof is in the shape of a square, while the bottom roof is similar to a 20 square-shaped temple equipped with rooms on each side. In this Kalasan temple has a layer of temple cover called Bajralepa, which is a kind of stucco in fine stone carvings. Detail of this Bajralepa decoration which is one of Kalasan Temple characteristic, which is also found in Sari Temple. Kalasan Temple building plan is square. The roof is octagonal and the top is dagoba (stupa). The situation is very damaged. Only the southern part is still intact. Mentioned, the first cubicle had a bronze statue as high as 6 meters which is now lost. While the three chambers are also empty. The body and the roof of the temple are decorated with exquisite carvings. It consists of niches, tendrils, Buddhist statues, dagoba-dagoba and Gana statues, which are potbellied pygmy humans that usually carry goods. Regarding this ornament, Bernet Kempers in his book, Indonesia During the Hindu period, page 25, mentioned that the way of making a pretty neat and enticing decoration shows that at the time of making this temple has a skilled carpenter and plaster master. Added according to Bernet, Kalasan temple was once closed by stucco entirely, as are the other temples. While the finishing of parts of the temple added stone cover made of limestone. Inside the temple building that appears now, it turns out there is an older construction. Some scholars therefore say that the present wake-up is an additional building around the 9th century. The original building clearly has an older age than it is. Kalasan Temple Kalasan is located on a square-shaped square. The base of the temple is also square-shaped. At the foot of the temple there is a makara. Around the foot there is a vase. The body of a square temple with viewers jutting out in the middle of the sides. Equipped with singha singha stood on the back of a elephant. The outside of the temple, there are niches decorated with images of gods holding the lotus. At each entrance there is a headdress on which he perched there are flower buds. The tree of the gods is above it and the residents of the heaven play the sounds of rebab, drums, shells and spruce. The roof of the temple is decorated with Gana. The roof is octagonal and two-story. In the first level there is a statue of Buddha. On the circumference of the temple there is a stupa building as high as 4.6 meters as many as 52 pieces. The beauty of Kalasan temple can still be enjoyed especially in the southern part of the temple. There is a large Banaspati, a perpendicular lane dangled